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Exterior Stone Veneer Terms
ABRASIVE FINISH - A non-reflective, flat finish typically used on marble.
ABSORPTION - The total weight of water that a brick will absorb when it is immersed in water. This is expressed as a percentage of the weight of the brick when it is dry.
ABUTMENT - A solid stone springer located at the lowest point of a vault or arch.
ADHERED - Refers to the securing and support, through an adhesion process, of veneer. This is done using a bonding material applied to a backing.
ADMIXTURE - Substances which are added to mortar with the goal of imparting specific properties to the mortar.
AGATE - A type of quartz that is variegated and exhibits colored bands or other features such as mosslike or clouded markings.
ANCHORS - Devices, usually made of metal, which are used to secure stone to building surfaces such as joists, plates, or trusses. Types of anchors used for stone include flat stock (cramps, strap, dowel, dovetails, strap and dowel, and two-way anchors) and round stock (rod anchor, eyebolt and dowel, rod cramp, flat-hood wall tie and dowel, and dowel and wire toggle bolts).
ANSI - American National Standards Institute.[check link]
APEX STONE - The uppermost rock in a vault, gable, dome, or pediment.
ARCH - A curved rock structure that rests on supports located at both ends used to sustain the weight and/or to bridge or provide a roof over an open area. An arch is a structural member that is curved and compressive and which spans recesses or openings. Types of arches include major arch, minor arch, jack arch, back arch, relieving arch, and trimmer arch.
ARCHITRAVE - The part of an entablature that rests on the capital members of columns and serves to support the frieze.
ARGILLITE - A type of sedimentary rock that is comprised primarily of aluminum silicate and clay.
ARKOSE - A type of sandstone that contains at least ten percent clastic grains of feldspar. Also called feldspathic sandstone and arkosic sandstone.
ARRIS - A line, either applied or natural, on rock, and used as the base for measuring all plumbing and leveling.
ASHLAR (Ashlar Masonry) - Masonry that has a face of either rectangle-shaped or square-shaped rocks, shale, or burned clay which may be either textured or smooth and are typically larger than brick. The members are usually dressed, sawed, or squared, and the joints are laid in mortar. In random ashlar the unit sizes vary to create a random pattern.
BACK ARCH - An arch that carries the backing of a wall at the place where the exterior facing is supported by a lintel.
CIRCULAR ARCH - An arch that has a span of more than six feet as well as a uniform load that is more than one thousand pounds per foot or an equivalent load and a rise to span ratio of more than .15. A circular arch is usually called a Tudor arch, parabolic arch, Gothic arch, or major arch
Exterior Stone Veneer Terms
FLAT ARCH - An arch that has horizontal or roughly horizontal lower and upper surfaces. A flat arch may also be referred to as a straight arch or jack arch.
GOTHIC ARCH - An arch that has a span of more than six feet as well as a uniform load that is more than one thousand pounds per foot or an equivalent load and a rise to span ratio of more than .15. A Gothic arch is usually called a Tudor arch, parabolic arch, major arch, or circular arch.
